超大穗型小麦源、流与库相关效应的试验研究

Studies on Correlative Effects among the Source, Current and Sink in Super-large-spike Wheat

以超大穗型小麦为材料 ,以一般穗型小麦为对照 ,通过剪穗、剪小穗留茎、叶 ,保“源”、“流”控“库”和分期收获处理 ,研究源、流对库的关系与影响。认为源、流输出总量 ,取决于单个籽粒库的数目 ,与单个籽粒库数目成正比。源、流因素对单个籽粒库容量大小不起显著影响。源、流输出受籽粒单库数目的制约会出现形式上的滞后性 ,籽粒单库在自身营造方面会出现工作状态上的自然惰性现象。要克服滞后性和自然惰性现象的影响 ,提高对光能的利用率、实现高产 ,最有效的途径是在增加粒重的基础上 ,主要是增加籽粒数。小麦穗是籽粒的载体 ,也是光合产物的主要集中地 ,以多花、大粒组建多粒小穗 ,以增加小穗数架构超大穗 ,提高对光合产物的储量 ,是超大穗小麦育种所要实现的主要目标。超大穗型小麦与一般穗型小麦在源、流。

Using the super large spike wheat as investigation materials and common spike wheat as CK, the correlative effects among the source, the current on the sink were investigated by means of the treatments of cutting spikes, or spikelets and different harvest stages. The results were as follows: the number of every single grain sink depended upon the amount of the exportation from the source and the current. There was a positive ratio of them. The factor of the source and the current had no significant effect on the capacity of every single grain. The output of the source and the current would appear lag character which was restricted by the number of single grain sink, and single grain sink would appear nature inertia phenomenon in the aspect of itself construction. The effective way to overcome the lag character and nature inertia phenomenon would mostly increased the grain number. Constructing the super large spike wheat by increasing the number of spikelets and grains, the increase of the reserve of photosynthesis production was necessary for the breeding.