哈拉海湿地的鹤类资源

Crane resources in Halahai wetland in Longjiang, Helongjiang, China

哈拉海湿地位于黑龙江省西部，面积为 ６．４６ ｘ １０４ｈｍ２．笔者 ２０００年 ４月 １５日至 ５月 ３０日对哈拉海湿地鹤类资源的数量、分布、现状进行了调查。本区记录有５种鹤类，但本次调查仅见２种，既丹顶鹤、白枕鹤。丹顶鹤迁徒种群为 １５１只．统计２１个家族群计 ５３丹顶鹤只，其中成鸟４１只，雏乌１２只，成幼比例为３．４２：１。丹顶鹤繁殖种群为１０只（５对），另４只亚成体．白枕鹤迁徒种群为６只，未见繁殖个体．白头鹤、白鹤和蓑羽鹤近几年均未见记录．此外对本区鹤类受威胁原因及进行了分析并提出了保护措施．

Halahai wetland is located in northeast Longjiang County, Heilongjiang Province. It is 123°19′ -123°35′E. and 47°26′-47°40′N. Five cranes were recorded here. A survey on cranes was made in April 15 to May 30. 2 species of cranes were seen here. They are Redcrowned Crane and White-naped Crane. 151 Red-crowned Crance was foud in spring migration in April 2000; 21 families and 53 Red -crowned Crane were found. They were 41 adults and 12 juveniles. The ratio of adult and juvenile was 3.42 :1. 10 adults and 4 juveniles were recorded in summer. Only 6 White-naped Crane wre seen in 2000, and no breeding individual was record here for some years. Hooded Crane, Siberian Crane and Demoiselle Crane have disappeared over ten years. The threat reasons for cranes were analyses, and conservation methods were provided.