微卫星技术及在动物遗传多样性研究中的应用

Microsatellitesand Their Application to the Genetic Diversity in Animal

微卫星作为第二代分子遗传标记 ,已经在很多领域得到广泛应用 .微卫星位点的获得有两条常用技术途径 :1)利用已发现的微卫星位点寻找新的位点 ;2 )用经典分子生物学方法克隆特定基因组的微卫星位点 .微卫星分析的一般步骤包括 :DNA的提取 ,PCR扩增 ,扩增产物及大小的检测和数据分析 .DNA芯片技术的出现 ,为微卫星技术的应用提供了更广阔的前景 .在动物遗传多样性研究中 ,可以通过微卫星技术进行种间、种内、群体之间。

As one of the second generation of molecular genetic markers,microsatellites have a wide range of applications which previously were difficult to address experimentally. Microsatellites loci could be obtained in two ways:1 ) the simplest means of identifying microsatellites is by using described sequences;2 ) the new microsatellite loci have been obtained by standard molecular cloning. The procedure of microsatellites analysis includes the following steps:DNA extraction,PCR reactions,visualizing microsatellite products and size standards,bio- information analysis of microsatellite data.With the development of biochip,microsatellite will be used in more fields.In the study of animal genetic diversity,microsatellites can be used in phylogenetics,population genetic structure,kinship and paternity studies.