库拉索芦荟的多倍体诱导及其变异初报

A Preliminary Study on the Polyloid Induction and Variation of Aloe vera

在组织培养条件下 ,对库拉索芦荟 (AloeveraL .)用秋水仙素进行染色体加倍的诱导处理 ,结果表明 :用含 0 0 6%秋水仙素处理 1 2h后诱变频率可达 50 % ,其效果最佳。经秋水仙素诱导的加倍群体与正常二倍体植株比较 ,植株的大多数叶片变厚 ,叶色变深 ,叶片变大 ,气孔增大而单位叶面积气孔数减少。对变异材料进行细胞学研究后发现 ,体细胞中期染色体为 2n=4x=2 8,为 4倍体。未加倍前的二倍体为 2n=2x =1 4。检测中也发现有少数植株有 2n=1 4和 2n=2

Tube seedlings of Aloe vera L. were treated with colchicine to from polyploid plants. The results show that the best induction rate could reach 50% after treatment with 0.06% colchcine in 12 hours. By comparing the polyploid plants with normal diploid ones, leaves of polyploid plants were thicker, larger, darker in color, and with larger stomata and less in number. Cytological studies show that the chromosome number of the variant is 28, while the normal diploid plant is 14. It was found that a few induced plants were chimera with diploid cells (2n=4x=14) and tetraploid cells (2n=4x=28) simultaneously.