秋海棠抗性育种初探

A Preliminary Studies on Resistance Breeding of Begonia

通过杂交育种提高秋海棠属植物抗病性等抗逆能力。采用抗病亲本与具观赏性的易感病亲本杂交 ,F1 自交两代使抗病性状纯合稳定 ,获得具观赏性、抗病的类型。连续回交将抗病性转移到具可看性而易感病的亲本中 ,培育出目的新品种 ;根据亲本性状互补的原则 ,结合杂种优势F1 的利用 ,选择秋海棠属内不同组、不同生态型 ,抗逆性差异显著的原始材料进行远缘杂交 ,选育出观赏价值高、抗逆能力强的适应型新品种。通过 30多个亲本组合的杂交选育 ,对 6个典型组合亲本、子代的性状及表型分析研究 ,以及子代群体生长势、病情指数、抗性等级的测定 。

The methods and results of disease resistance and other resistant abilities of Begonia L. through crossbreeding were reported in this paper. Parents with disease resistance and ornamental value but easily effected by disease were used for crossing. Inbreeding of F 1 for two generations in order to stabilize disease resistance property and to achieve ornamental and disease resistance strains. Continuously back crossing could transfer the property of disease resistance to those with ornamental value plants for breeding new cultivars. According to the principle of the properties of parents can be compensated mutually together with using of heterosis of F 1,distant hybridization between different sections, different ecological types and the species with strong resistance abilities were conducted. Six typical combinations and their characters were analyzed based on thirty combinations. The growth capacity of offspring colony, the incidence of disease and the determination of resistant abilities were preliminarily studied and discussed.