摘要
目的 分析烧伤病区绿脓杆菌的分布特征及耐药性的变化趋势,以期为临床预防和治疗绿脓杆菌感染提供依据。方法 用常规方法对我院烧伤科临床标本中分离出来的绿脓杆菌相关资料进行统计分析。结果 绿脓杆菌在烧伤病区病原菌中的构成比有逐渐下降的趋势,但至2000年仍是构成比最高的革兰阴性病原菌。绿脓杆菌感染在春季的分布相对较少,年龄分布在20～30岁和50～60岁形成高点。绿脓杆菌对多数抗生素的耐药高峰出现在1997～1998年,而后逐渐下降,但对头孢噻肟钠和头孢曲松钠的耐药率近年有大幅度提高。结论 绿脓杆菌是烧伤感染主要的病原菌,也是烧伤病人抗感染治疗以及病区防止交叉感染等预防工作的重点,故应根据绿脓杆菌的分布特征及其耐药性的变化进行病区的消毒灭菌工作。
Objective To investigate the distribution and change in drug-resistance of P. aeruginosa in a burn unit in order to provide basis for the treatment and prevention of P. aeruginosa infection. Methods The data of ECL and KPN isolated from our burn unit in a 6-year period were analyzed in terms of years, seasons, ages and change in drug-resistance. Results The constituent ratio of P. aeruginosa was gradually decreased in the pathogens in burn unit, but it still ranked the first in Gram negative pathogens of the year 2000. P. aeruginosa infection was comparatively less encountered in Spring; it was prevalent in the paitents aged 20-30 and 50-60 years. The resistance of P. aeruginosa against the most antibiotics reached its peak during the period of 1997 to 1998 and then decreased gradually, but its resistance against Cefetaxime and Ceftriazone increased markedly in recent years. Conclusions Pseudomonas aerugionosa was the major pathogen for burn infection. This should be regarded as the key issue in the anti-infective treament of burn patients and prevention against cross infection in burn unit. Sterilization should be based on the distribution characters and changes in drug-resistance of P. aeruginosa in burn unit.
