三江平原湿地消长与区域气候变化关系研究

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DISTRIBUTIVE VARIATION OF WETLANDS AND REGIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE IN SANJIANG PLAIN

以遥感手段为主 ,提取近 2 0年来多个时期三江平原湿地变化动态数据。将湿地动态数据与历年气象数据相对变化比较处理后 ,再作灰色关联分析 ,可以发现它们之间的相互关系。研究表明三江平原湿地面积减小迅速 ,三江平原区域气候环境变化剧烈 ,超过全球气候变化速度。通过灰色关联分析可以发现 ,湿地在维持区域“冷湿”效应中作用突出 ,三江平原湿地的变化与气温变化成负相关 ,与降水、湿度变化成正相关。湿地消长与气候要素中的降水因子的相关关系最大 ,与日照因子相关关系较低 。

Because of human activities, climate change nowadays essentially differs with that of the past, and the range of climate change in the 100 years has far exceeded that of past 10,000 years As a most essential factor to control the distributive variation of wetlands, the change of climate greatly influences on material circle, energy flow, the productivity and propagation of wetlands The relationship between climate change and the distributive variation of wetlands has been attached importance to by human being Sanjiang plain, where is the biggest fresh wetlands distributed area in China, has been reclaimed for many years and has became a famous base of cash foodstuff Because of the loss of wetlands, the environment has deteriorated, the temperature has increased, and the humidity has decreased The pace of climate change in this region exceeds that of global change From remote sensing data and wetland survey data, the dynamic data of wetlands in Sanjiang plain in last two decades has been acquired Do unitary process to the dynamic data of wetlands and climate data and make them comparable Based on these, using gray relevancy analysis we can find out the relationship of them The results show that wetlands play an important role on balancing the regional cold and wet weather The variation of wetlands in Sanjiang plain is negatively related with the temperature changes, positively related with the precipitation changes and the humidity changes The distributive variation of wetlands has the closest relationship with precipitation, has less relationship with sunshine, and has almost nothing to do with snow