用RAPD标记探讨金色果蝇复合种内的遗传分化

GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION WITHIN DROSOPHILA AURARIA SPECIES COMPLEX REVEALED BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA(RAPD)

以随机扩增多态性DNA (RAPD)技术分析了金色果蝇复合种的 5个姊妹种 (Drosophileauraria、D .biauraria、D .triauraria、D .quadraria和D .subauraria)共 12个地理种群的遗传变异。在 4 0种 10碱基随机引物中有 3 0种引物对每个种群都可获得令人满意的扩增结果。在 161个RAPD标记中有 12 9个呈多态性。以遗传距离为尺度用UPGMA法构建了该复合种的聚类关系图。聚类分析结果表明 :D .subauraria处于聚类关系图的基部 ,为该复合种中最早分化的种类 ;其后才是D .biauraria的分化 ,而D .auraria和D .quadraria的分化相对较晚。此结果不支持以往认为D .quadraria为金色果蝇复合种祖先种的观点。RAPD分子标记为金色果蝇复合种的系统演化的研究提供了新的、更有价值的信息。

The genetic polymorphisms of 12 geographic populations of Drosophila auraria species complex( D.auraria,D.biauraria,D.triauraria,D.quadraria and D.subauraria ) were analyzed by PCR Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA(PCR RAPD).Of the 40 random primers used in this analysis,30 efficiently produced 161 RAPD bands,of which 129 were polymorphic.The dendrogram constructed using UPGMA algorithm based on the RAPD data showed that D.subauraria was the oldest species in the species complex,and D.biauraira completed speciation next.Compared with D.subauraria and D.biauraria,D.auraria and D.quadraria were relatively younger.This result does not agree with conclusions of the previous studies that D.quadraria was the ancestral species of Drosophila auraria species complex.RAPD markers provided new and valuable information for reconstructing speciation history of Drosophila auraria species complex.