活性X-3B红染料的生物富集因子及在作物体内的分配

Bio-concentration factors of reactive X-3B red dye and its distribution in crop tissues.

有机染料已成为中国地表环境中重要的一大类有机污染物 .采用水培和土培两种微宇宙生态试验方法 ,对活性X 3B红染料的生物富集因子 (BCF)及在作物体内的分配进行了研究 .结果表明 ,在试验浓度范围内 ,该化合物BCF为 2 5 2 1～ 40 9 4 .根据这一数值和有关评判依据 ,可知一般生物体对该有机染料具有中等水平的富集能力 ,各试验作物地下部分对活性X 3B红染料的积累比地上部分至少超出 10倍 ,尤其以根部作为食物的萝卜更为明显 .从土壤 作物系统的完整性进行比较和以地上籽实为粮食的作物来看 ,各作物及其不同部位对活性X 3B红染料的积累浓度大致为大豆 (棕壤 ) >小麦 (褐土 ) >水稻 (水稻土 ) ,根 茎秆 >叶 >籽实 (不含壳 ) ;而从这些作物在其籽实中积累活性X 3B红染料来看 ,以累积量为最低的水稻籽实中的最大浓度也可达到2 3 33μg·kg-1.可见 ,该有机染料对环境污染的生态风险不容忽视 .

Organic dyes have become an important type of organic pollutants occurred in environment of China.Bio-concentration factors(BCF)of reactive X-3B red dye and its distribution in corp tissues were studied using the ecologically microcosmic method of water culture and soil culture.The results indicated that BCF was 252.1～409.4 under the experimental conditions.According to the tested BCF values and relevant judging standards,the ability of living organisms concentrating the dye was at middle levels.The concentration of the dye accumulated in roots of the tested crops was higher than 10 times of that in their overground parts,in particular,the trend in radish whose roots are used as human food was very obvious.As for the crops whose overground seeds are used as human food and due to the integrality of soil-crop systems,the concentration of the dye accumulated in these crops and their tissues was in order of soybean>wheat>rice,and rootstem>leaf>seed without hulls.The maximum concentration of the dye accumulated in rice seed without hulls could be even up to 23\^33μg·kg -1 ,although the accumulation was lowest among the three crops.Therefore,ecological risk from pollution of the dye cannot be neglected.