“我能够期待什么”——论审美价值的本体论承诺

What Can I Expect?" ——On the Noumenal Promise of Aesthetic Values

审美价值的本体论内涵是一种“期待” ,它一方面不同于知识所承诺的“真理” ,另一方面也不同于伦理学所承诺的“信仰” ,同时它还不同于现代主义美学所承诺的“拯救”。从符号角度讲 ,它既不是指向客观世界的工具性文化符号 ,同时也不是指向主体结构的人文性伦理形式。对于审美价值的本体分析来说 ,它的前提是首先清理掉上述三种历史的承诺方式。生命最高的审美原则就是存在本身 ,而既非作为人类内在性的道德主体结构 ,也非与此相对而生的外在的人的对象化力量。它本质上是一种由消解“主体结构”之后而得到的松驰与平静 ,是康德所指出的无功利的自由 。

The connotation of aesthetic noumenon is a kind of 'expectation', which is different from the 'truth' promised by knowledge, different from the 'belief' promised by ethics, and different from the 'salvage' promised by modernist aesthetics. Symbolically speaking, it is not a set of cultural symbols of means pointing to the objective world, nor a humanistic ethic formulation pointing to the subjective structure. The prerequisite to the noumenal analysis of aesthetic values is to clear out the above mentioned three historical promises. The highest aesthetical principle in life is the survival itself rather than man's inner moralist structure or man's outer objective force. It is, in nature, the relaxation and ease obtained by means of clearing out the 'subjective structure', the non-utilitarianist freedom of Cante, and the beauty of survival itself.