试论朱熹文学批评的“玩味”说

On the Argument of the Taste of Zhu Xi's Literary Criticism

朱熹文学批评的一个显著特点 ,是强调以玩味作品为基础 ,求识其滋味。对于淡而有味者 ,重在玩其高古幽情、淡泊之志 ;对于余味曲包者 ,则侧重领会其蕴涵的义理。玩味的方法 ,除虚心熟读外 ,重在寻绎出作品的新意 ,致思其精神 ,并有切己之体验。这种玩味说 ,实属中国古代的文学鉴赏论 。

One notable distingushing feature of Zhuxi's literary criticism is to favor the work and recognize its taste.To the quieter readers,its ancient exquisite feelings and the aspirations of living tranquilly without seeking fame and wealth are appreciated.To the thought provoking readers,the implicit reasons and argumentation are understood.To appreciate a work is to find its new ideas,ponder over its spirit and connect it with one's own experiences apart from reading.All these,in fact,belong to the theory of ancient Chinese literary criticism,which is still valuable to today's literature.