基因与高血压——从实验模型的基因图谱到血管基因转移策略

Genes and Hypetension--From Gene Mapping in Experimental Models to Vascular Gene Transfer Strategies

人类特发性高血压是 一种多基因控制的疾病。已建立起的分析高血压遗传因子的方法中最成功的是对单基因突变所引起的孟德尔式高血压的研究。而对高血压相关多基因的鉴定却一直未获大的成功。有些研究者采用遗传性高血压大鼠模型,并使高血压组与正常血压组大鼠杂交,鉴定出了一些血压亚表型和心血管并发症的定量性状基因座(quantitative trait loci,OTL)。同时,正在建立的基因转移技术将促进对人类特发性高血压治疗的研究。

Human essential hypertension is a disease under polygenic control. Several strategies have been developed over the last decade to dissect genetic determinants of hypertension. Of these, the most successful have been studies that identified rare mendelian syndromes in which a single gene mutation causes high blood pressure. The attempts to identify multiple genes, each with a small contribution to the common polygenic form of hypertension, have been less successful. Some researchers focused their attention on rat models of genetic hypertension.Using numerous crosses between hypertensive and normotensive strains, they identified several quantitative trait loci(QTL) for blood pressure subphenotypes and for cardiovascular complications. Meanwhile, the establishing gene transfer strategy will promote the research on human essential hypertention.