长江黄石段有螺江滩综合治理阻断城区血吸虫病传播的对策研究

INTERRUPTING SCHISTOSOMIASIS TRANSMISSION BY COMPREHENSIVE MEASURES IN BEACH AREAS OF HUANGSHI REGION OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

目的探索大中城市长江外滩流行区阻断血吸虫病传播的对策。方法以健康教育为先导 ,采取平滩垦殖、吹沙抬套、改造防浪林、林间套种、城建硬化滩面、硬化有螺沟渠等方法综合治理有螺江滩 ,并采用 WHO推荐的成本 -效益分析方法评价效果。结果病情下降 1 0 0 % ,钉螺面积下降 93 .73 % ,黄石城区达到血吸虫病传播阻断国家标准 ,并取得显著的社会、生态和经济效益。结论有螺江滩综合治理是城市外滩型疫区阻断血吸虫病传播的科学。

Objective To assess the schistosomiasis control effect by comprehensive measures in beach areas of big or medium sized cities along the Yangtze River. Methods Cost benefit analysis for evaluating the control effect after carrying out the comprehensive measures including human case and cattle screen and treatment;water and night soil controls;latrines improvement;health education; transformation and interplanting of forest in embankment; hardening the beach surface and snail habitat ditches etc. Results Human infection rate of 7 14 years old children decreased from 0.73% in 1996 to 0% in 2000. Snail habitat areas decreased by 93.73% in the same period. The cost benefit analyses showed that cost:benefit=1∶3.97. Conclusions The comprehensive measures in Huangshi City have been confirmed to be a practical strategy for interrupting schistosomiasis transmission in beach areas along the Ynagtze River.