区域土地可持续管理评估及实践研究

THE COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION AND PRACTICES ON SUSTAINABLE LAND MANAGEMENT IN REGIONAL SCALE:A CASE OF WUXI CITY

参考FAO《FESLM :AnInternationalFrameworkForEvaluationSustainableLandManagement》 ,从“保持和提高生产率 ,降低生产风险 ,保护自然资源的潜力和防止土壤和水质的退化 ,经济上可行性和社会可以接受”出发 ,选择 46个因素作为参评变量 ,建立区域土地可持续管理评价指标体系。在区域层次进行实证研究 ,提出土地可持续管理的障碍因素和改进措施。

The paper is intended to provide a structured,logical pathway for determining whether or not a carefully designed form of land management is likely to prove sustainable in a particular situation over a set period of time in a regional scale. Based on the five aims of the FESLM:An international framework for evaluating sustainable land development by FAO, i.e. productivity,security, protection,viability,and acceptability,the authors put forward a basic framework for evaluating indicator system consisting of 46 evaluating factors and establish weights,target values of the indictors in regional sustainable land management. Comprehensive evaluation is made on sustainable land management of Wuxi City in 1997,with a resultant value of 65.42%. The result shows that the land management at present in Wuxi City is still at a developing stage. The authors put forward a new method to diagnose the obstacles in sustainable land development. All indicators individual into 4 obstacle layers with 0.5% of gross aim in sustainable land management. The chief reasons accounting for low level of sustainable land management exist in land use in Wuxi City at present as follows: Firstly,though the agricultural output value and products have been growing,the land and labor productivity remains at a still low level. Secondly,there are frequent flood disasters and serious environmental pollution. Thirdly,the median and low productive land is in the ascendant and the basic establishments draggle. Fourthly,R&D are so low that the productivity is limited. Lastly,it is difficult to form scale economy and gain scale benefits because of small scale land management,which leads to low income. According to the above said problems,the authors put forward some measures as follows:Firstly,increase the funds for R&D,alternate the way of growth and improve the productivity. Secondly,restructure basic establishments of farmland,use fertilizer reasonably and protect arable land. Thirdly,improve the ability of resisting disasters and optimize the environment. Fourthly,expedite agricultural industrialization, accelerate scale land management,and increase farmers' income. Lastly,prefect mechanism of land management and establish perfect rules and regulations on sustainable land management. \;