地气耦合系统中温湿变化的数值模拟

NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF TEMPERATURE AND MOISTUER CHANGES IN LAND-AIR COUPLED SYSTEM

本文提出了计算地气耦合系统中温度和湿度变化的一维数值模式,在土壤中,利用热量平衡和水份平衡原理计算土壤温度和湿度,在大气中,考虑了长短波辐射、云量和凝结等因素对大气温湿变化的影响。选择一种代表性土壤对模式进行了检验,结果发现,模式能较好地模拟诸多物理量的日变化过程。计算表明,大气和土壤的初始温湿分布,对结果有较大影响。本文的原理可应用于大气环流模式中陆气相互作用过程的参数化。

A one-dimensional numerical model is developed in this paper to calculate the changes of temperature and moisture in the land-air coupled system. In the soil, the model uses heat and water balance principles in computations of the soil temperature and moisture. In the atmosphere, the effects of longwave and shortwave radiations, cloudiness, condensation and other factors on variations of the atmospheric temperature and moisture are taken into account. The model is tested with a kind of soil which is selected as being representative. Results show that the model can fairly simulate the diurnal variations of many physical quantities. Calculations indicate that the initial distributions of temperature and moisture in the atmosphere and in the soil have quite large influences on the results. The principles in this paper can be used for parameterizations of the land-air interaction in general circulation models.