科尔沁沙地古榆树资源的收集保存及其繁殖技术的研究

Collection, conservation and propagation techniques of the old elm (Ulmus pumila) tree resources in Ke'erqin sand land.

经该研究项目调查 ,在以榆树疏林草地为主要植物群落、总面积约 1175 5 9万hm2 的科尔沁沙地上 ,百年以上的古榆树 (Ulmuspumila)现仅存 30余株 .为了使这些长期经受自然选择、对逆境适应能力特别强的宝贵优良基因资源得以保存 ,该项目正在营建全国规模最大的榆树基因库 ,该基因库的重点是对科尔沁沙地古榆树资源进行收集与保存 ,同时也收集国内分布区内有代表性的能适应该地的榆树种、品种及类型 .至 2 0 0 0年底 ,该基因库已收集种质资源 88份 .预期到 2 0 0 2年该基因库建成时 ,总面积可达 7hm2 ,收集各种种质资源 10 0份 .为长期利用古榆树资源 ,该研究还对收集到的榆树资源进行了扩繁 (扦插、嫁接 )

It was found by the investigation in our research project that only about 30 elm trees aged more than 100 years remain in the Ke'erqin sand land which covers more than 10 million hectares. In this region, the main plant community is grassland with sparsed elm. To preserve these precious and excellent gene resources which have been endured long period of nature selection and have the capacity to adapt to adverse environment, a largest elm gene bank in China is being built. The main task of the gene bank is to collect and preserve the old elm trees in the region of Ke'erqin. Simultaneously, some representative elm genus, varieties and types which are adapted to the region have been collected. By the end of the year 2000, the gene bank had collected 88 kinds of germplasm resources. It is anticipated that the area of the gene bank would reach 7 hectares and 100 kinds of germplasm resources would be collected by the end of 2002 when the gene hank be completely built. In order to permanently utilize these gene resources, two kinds of expanding propagation technique-cutting and grafting were studied.