重庆市稻田动物群落及农田蜘蛛资源考察

A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF ANIMAL COMMUNITY IN PADDY FIELD AND SPIDER RESOURCES ON FARMLAND IN CHONGQING

对重庆北碚、万州、璧山、合川及永川 5区、县、市的稻田动物及农田蜘蛛群落的结构组成及数量动态进行了田间系统调查与室内分析鉴定 ,发现稻田动物 5纲 17目 10 1科 198属 2 69种 ,农田蜘蛛 2 1科 81属 2 0 3种 ,其中稻田蜘蛛 16科 4 6属 89种 ;稻田节肢动物 2纲 13目 95科 192属 2 61种 ,其中昆虫 11目 78科 14 5属 171种 ;昆虫中天敌 7目 2 7科5 3属 64种 ,害虫 7目 4 5科 86属 10 0种 ,其他类虫 1目 6科 6属 7种 ;稻田动物中天敌 3纲 9目 4 6科 10 2属 15 6种 ,其中捕食性天敌 3纲 9目 4 1科 92属 14 3种。稻田蜘蛛优势种主要是拟水狼蛛、食虫沟瘤蛛、草间小黑蛛、粽管巢蛛和八点球腹蛛。

The composition and number of animal community in paddy fields and spider resources on farmland in Chongqing were investigated in five counties, i.e. Beibei, Wanzhou, Bishan, Hechuan and Yongchuan. A total of 1606 specimens were collected, involving 5 classes, 17 orders, 101 families, 198 genera and 269 species of animals in rice field and 21 families, 81 genera and 203 species of spiders on farmland. The arthropods in paddy fields include 2 classes, 13 orders, 95 families, 192 genera and 261 species. The natural enemies in rice fields include 3 classes, 9 orders, 46 families, 102 genera and 156 species. The predatory natural enemies in paddy fields include 3 classes, 9 orders, 41 families, 92 genera and 143 species. The spiders in rice fields include 16 families, 46 genera and 89 species. The insects in paddy fields include 11 orders, 78 families, 145 genera and 171 species. The natural enemy insects in paddy fields include 7 orders, 27 families, 53 genera and 64 species. The rice pest insects include 7 orders, 45 families, 86 genera and 100 species. The other insects in rice fields include 1 orders, 6 families, 6 genera and 7 species. The dominant spider species in the animal community in paddy fields are Pirata subpiraticus (Boes. et Str.), Ummerliata insecticeps (Boes.et Str.), Erigonidium graminicola (Sundevall), Clubiona japonicola (Boes. et Str.) and Theridion octomaculatum (Boes.et Str.).