福建脱毒甘薯应用研究

Study on Application of Virus-free Sweet Potato in Fujian

对福建甘薯病毒种类、脱毒苗的增产机理、甘薯脱毒苗的抗病性是否变化等进行了研究 ,结果表明 :供试的 6个甘薯品种的田间带毒率为 1 0 0 % ,检测出的甘薯羽状斑驳病毒 (SPFMV)、甘薯潜隐病毒 (SPLV)、甘薯褪绿斑病毒 (SPCFV)中SPFMV是最主要的种类。脱毒甘薯的主茎长度、叶片数、茎分枝数、茎叶鲜重、叶面积系数均高于普通甘薯。生长势强、结薯较早、收获期大薯的数量和重量显著增加 ,是脱毒甘薯能显著增产的主要原因。脱毒“岩薯 5号”变异株对甘薯蔓割病、薯瘟病的抗性明显强于未脱毒的“岩薯 5号” ,经茎尖培养的甘薯脱毒苗 。

The species of sweet potato virus, mechanism of yield increase and variation in disease resistance of virus-free sweet potato in Fujian province were studied, the results showed that the tested six sweet potato varieties all carried virus, among the detected three viruses (SPFMV, SPLV and SPCFV), SPFMV was a dominant species. The length of main vine, number of leaf, number of branch on vine, fresh weight of vine and leaf as well as leaf area coefficient of virus-free sweet potato were higher than those of common sweet potato. The significant yield increase of virus-free sweet potato mainly resulted from its strong growth vigour, early formation of its tuber, increase of big tuber in number and weight in harvest period. The mutant of virus-free 'Yanshu 5' had markedly stronger resistance to Fusarium oxysporum and Pseudomonas solanacearum than common 'Yanshu 5', it was possible that the disease resistance of some virus-free sweet potatoes derived from meristem-tip culture had mutated.