爆裂玉米的膨爆机理、影响因子及高产育种的研究进展

Research advance of the expansion machanism,effect factors and high-yield breeding in popcorn

对爆裂玉米的膨爆机理、膨爆特性、影响膨爆的因素及高产育种进行了综述。爆裂玉米的膨爆关键取决于籽粒内部高压的形成 ,果皮和胚乳的致密结构是籽粒内部高压形成的重要保证 ;适宜的水分含量是籽粒内部产生高压水汽的物质基础 ,而导致这种高压水汽产生的外部动力则是来自于加热温度。此外 ,品种特性和籽粒性状等对爆裂玉米的膨爆特性也有一定的影响。爆裂玉米的品质特性与选育高产品种之间似无很大矛盾 ,可以单独进行改良。而且营养丰富 。

The expansion mechanism,characteristics and effect factors of popcorn were summarized in this paper.The key problems of expansion popcorn was the high pression in the grain of corn.the compact structure of the peel and endosperm was the guarantee of forming high pression in the grains; suitable water content was the foundation for producing the high pression vapor in the grains,the external force for the producing the vapor was heating temperature.Furthermore the quality characteristics and grain characters had some effect on expansion characteristics.There seemly was no any conflict between high yield breeding and quality characteristics of popcorn,the popcorn could be improved.