噁喹酸对水生生物细菌病的防治效果及残留研究

Application of oxolinic acid against bacterial diseases in aquatic species and the body residues

喹酸对养殖动物主要致病菌具有明显的抑制效果 ,最小抑菌浓度 (MIC) 3.8～ 5 .6μg/ml;对中国对虾、黑鲷、鲈、鲤、罗非鱼、中华鳖等生物毒副作用不明显 ;对浮游植物、大型、中国对虾和真鲷胚胎孵化的毒性也较低。临床试验表明 ,药浴质量浓度 4mg/L治疗细菌病效果显著。用高效液相色谱法进行鲈药物代谢动力学和残留研究 ,得到了药物代谢动力学模型 ,建议休药期 15～ 2 0d。

Three routs (oral, bath and injection) of administration were employed in some aquatic animals and plants to test the effect and elimination of oxolinic acid (OA). The results show that OA can inhibit the growth of some main seawater and freshwater pathogenic bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus, V.harveyi, V.campbellii, V.parahaemolyticus and Aeromonas hydrophila, and the minimum inhibiting concentration (C min ) was 3.8～5.6 μg/ml, and at concentration of 4μg/ml the effect on controlling the pathogenic bacteria was remarkable. The toxic side effect on Penaeus chinensis, Sparus macrocephalus, Lateolabrax janopicus, Cyprinus carpio, Tilapia nilotica and Troionys sinensis were not significant. Also, the toxic effects on phytoplankton, Daphnia magna, egg-hatching of P.chinensis and pagrus major were low. The clinical experiments showed obviously curing effect of OA on bacterial diseases in those living things at the concentration of 4 mg/L (bath medium). The pharmacokinetics results show that 15～20 d after medicine withdraws are needed to eliminate the drug residues in body. Meanwhile, a pharmacokinetics model and some parameters were obtained.