人工配合饲料与天然饵料对中国对虾生长贡献的研究

Stable isotopic (δ^(13) C) evaluation of the relative contribution of natural and artificial feed to Penaeus chinensis

利用稳定同位素碳比率δ13 C(13 C/ 12 C)作为天然示踪物 ,对池塘养殖生态系 (室内和围隔 )中人工投喂配合饲料和天然饵料提供的能源物质对养殖中国对虾生长的贡献比例进行研究。室内分别以δ13 C值不同的配合饲料和日本刺沙蚕喂养中国对虾 (0 .961± 0 .0 12 ) g的实验结果表明 ,虾体的δ13 C值受到食物δ13C值的影响 ;在等量 (干重 )混合喂食的情况下 ,中国对虾生长能量的 61.67%来源于投喂的沙蚕 ,而配合饲料只贡献了 38.33%。池塘围隔养殖的中国对虾虾体、有机肥 (鸡粪 )和投喂配合饲料的δ13 C值测定表明 ,以有机肥为碳源的天然饵料对中国对虾生长的贡献随生长逐渐减小 ,配合饲料的作用增大。养殖初期的幼虾 (0 .0 6± 0 .0 1) g ,配合饲料只提供了生长能量的 2 3.9% ,而收获时 (9.5 6± 1.0 4 )g ,配合饲料对中国对虾生长的贡献率可达到 61.6%。

Stable carbon isotope ratios (δ 13 C) were used to estimated the relative contributions of natural food and formulated diet to growth of Chinese shrimp (Penaeus chinensis) cultured in enclosures set in pond and indoor aquarium. The results show that the δ 13 C values of shrimp are affected by food with different δ 13 C values. When the experimental shrimp, body weight (0.961±0.012)g, were fed with food of polychaete worm and formulated diet mixed in equal quantity in the aquarium for 20 d, 38.33% of the carbon growth energy in the shrimp came from the fomulated diet and the remainder (61.67%) was attributed to polychaete worm (Neathes japonicus). The artificial feed only contributed 23.9% of growth energy in the initial growth stage, body weight (0.06±0.01)g, and 61.6% in the harvest stage, body weight (9.56±1.04)g, cultured in enclosures in pond.