草鱼对17种饲料原料粗蛋白和粗脂肪的表观消化率

Apparent digestibility of crude proteins and crude fats in 17 feed ingredients in grass carp

试验以Cr2 O3 为指示物 ,测定草鱼对进口鱼粉、国产鱼粉、蟹粉、肉粉、肠衣粉、酵母、菜饼、黄菜饼、黑菜饼、双低菜仔粕、豆粕、膨化大豆、芝麻饼、棉粕、玉米胚芽饼、玉米蛋白粉和酒糟粉 17种试验原料中粗蛋白和粗脂肪的表观消化率。试验饲料由基础饲料和试验原料以 70∶30的比例 (质量比 )混合挤压成硬颗粒饲料。结果表明 ,草鱼对鱼粉、菜籽饼粕、豆粕和膨化大豆等质量好的蛋白饲料的表观消化率较高 ,其干物质、脂肪和蛋白质的表观消化率均在 80 %以上 ;草鱼对酵母、菜籽饼粕、豆粕和膨化大豆等饲料的干物质、脂肪和蛋白质的表观消化率均与鱼粉一致。

The grass carp collected from local farm were temporarily cultured for 2 weeks, experiment body weight 150～180 g and water temperature (23±1)℃. The diets consisted of 70% reference diet and 30% test ingredients including fish meal (import), soybean meal, corn gluten meal, brewers dried yeast, rapeseed meal, yellow rapeseed meal, black rapeseed meal, fish meal (domestic), meat meal, casing meal, expanded soybean, cottonseed meal, double-low rapeseed meal, crab meal, corn germ meal, sesame meal and distiller's grains meal, respectively. Using Cr 2O 3 as the indicator the results show that the apparent digestibility rates of dry materials of fish meal both import and domestic are over 80% in grass carp, while those of crab meal, meat meal and casing meal are less than 60%. For the proteins in fishmeal (import and domestic), crab meal and meat meal, the grass carps have the similar digestibility ranged from 79.21% to 87.54%, but for the proteins in casing meal the digestibility is low (69.89%). For the plant ingredients, the highest digestibility of dry material appears in expanded soybean which is 79.10% and follow the soybean meal, yellow rapeseed meal, sesame meal and rapeseed meal, et al., and the low digestibilities appear in cottonseed meal, corn germ meal and corn gluten meal. The grass carp has high digestibilities of protein in yellow rapeseed meal, double-low rapeseed meal, soybean meal and expanded soybean meal, all more than 85%, and the followings are rapeseed meal, black rapeseed meal, sesame meal, cottonseed meal and corn germ meal, nearly 80%. Meanwhile, the digestibility of monocell protein diet was also tested.