披针叶黄华中抑制植物病原真菌物质的分离鉴定

Isolation and Identification of a Compound from Therm opsis lanceolata to Inhibit Plant Pathogenic Fungi

从披针叶黄华 (ThermopsislanceolataR .Brown)的种子中分离得到一种液体生物碱 ,经物理常数和光谱分析鉴定为鹰爪豆碱。生测结果表明 ,对 4种植物病原真菌孢子的萌发具有抑制作用 ,其中对灰葡萄孢菌 (Botryiscinerea)和松枯梢病菌 (Sphaeropsissapinea)的抑制作用非常明显 ,其EC50 分别为 2 6和 2 2 μg/mL。 75 %百菌清对这 4种植物病原真菌孢子的萌发也具有较好的抑制作用 ,其EC50 分别为 5 8(杉木猝倒病菌 )、1 9(龙竹霉变孢菌 )、0 .8(松枯梢病菌 )、4(灰葡萄孢菌 ) μg/mL。鹰爪豆碱对 7种植物病原真菌菌丝生长的生测结果表明 ,其抑制作用较上述孢子弱。

A quinolizidine alkaloid (sparteine) was isolated from t he ethanol extracts of the seed of Thermopsis lanceolata.The structure of sp arteine was elucidated on the basis of physical constants and spectroscopic evid ences.Bioassay showed that the conidia germination of the four plant pathogenic fungi tested were inhibited by the alkaloid.The antifungal activity of the alkal oid against the conidia of two fungi was strong,their EC_50 were 22 μ g/mL of Sphaeropsis sapinea and 26 μg/mL of Botryis cinerea respective ly.The antifungal activities of 75% Daconial's EC_50 were 58 μg/mL o f F.oxysporum, 19 μg/mL of C. oxysporum,0.8 μg/mL of S.sapinea and 4 μg/mL of B. cinerea respectively under the same conditions of the bioassay.The mycelia growth of the seven plant pathogenic fungi test were also inhibited by the alkaloid,but its inhibitory activities on the seven mycilia was weaker than those on the conidia mentioned above.