北京地区儿童急性下呼吸道感染的病毒病因学研究

A study of viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infections among children in Beijing.

目的 分析 1997年 3月至 1999年 3月北京地区儿童急性下呼吸道感染 (ALRI)的病毒病因。方法 对因ALRI住院患儿 ,取鼻咽分泌物做免疫荧光检测筛查 7种呼吸道病毒抗原 ,阳性病例入选 ,分析其病历资料。结果 所有 794例患儿送检标本共 796份 ,阳性 2 2 8份 (2 8 6 % )。其中资料完整的阳性病历共 2 0 3例 ,男性 144例 ,女性 5 9例。 2 0 3例中呼吸道合胞病毒 (RSV)最多 ,共 179例 (88 2 % ) ,其次为流感病毒A(IA)型 19例 (9 4% ) ,腺病毒 (ADV) 3例 (1 4% ) ,副流感病毒 3型 (PIV3) 2例 (0 98% )。RSV和IA感染呈季节性分布。 76例患儿(37 4% )有并发症。小年龄组病情明显重于大年龄儿 ,<2个月需要吸氧者明显多于≥ 2个月的患儿 (88 9%对74% ,P <0 0 5 )。结论 北京地区两年来ALRI患儿的病毒学病因为RSV、IA、ADV和PIV3,以RSV为主 。

Objective To investigate the viral pathogens of chi ldren's ALRI in Beijing area between March 1997 and March 1999.Methods Choose the patients who were admitted to hospital with ALRI and obtain their nasopharyngeal secretions(NPS) for screening out seven kinds o f respiratory viral antigens by IFA.Results Among all the 794 patients(796 samples),there were 228(28 6%) positive results.But there were only 203 total case records available for th em,in which 144 boys and 59 girls.RSV was the most predominant viral pathogen,17 9/203(88 2%);IA,ADV,PIV3 were 19/203(9 4%),3/203(1 4%),2/203(0 98%),respecti vely.RSV and IA had a seasonal trend.The common diagnoses were pneumonia(138/203 ,68%) and bronchiolitis(34/203,16 7%),76(37 4%) cases had complications.The yo unger children were much more severe than the elders,and more patients less than 2 months needed oxygen therapy than the patients who were older than 2 months(8 8 9% vs 74%,P<0 05).Conclusion RSV,IA,ADV,and PIV3 are the common viral pathogens durin g these two years in Beijing,in which RSV is the most predominant on e,and has a seasonal trend.