48年来武汉市学龄儿童生长发育动态观察

Observation on the trend of physical growth of school-age children in Wuhan for the past 48 years

目的 阐明 48年 ( 195 2～ 2 0 0 0年 )来武汉市学龄儿童生长发育的动态和有关问题 ,为开展学校预防保健工作提供指导。 方法 根据湖北省、武汉市有关部门和单位历年发布的学生生长发育资料 ,统计分析不同年代体格发育指标的生长水平和月经初潮平均年龄及其长期变化 (secularchangeofgrowth)趋势 ;并应用BMI指数 (bodymassindex)分析其体型特点。 结果 男女学生的体格生长水平随年代进展而提高 ,在 195 2～ 2 0 0 0年间 ,男生的身高、体重和胸围均值每 10年分别增长 2 .81cm、2 .39kg和 1.6 8cm ;女生相应的指标分别增长 2 .15cm、1.2 1kg和 1.34cm ;女生月经初潮平均年龄每 10年提前 6 .8个月。由于体重和胸围的增长强度不如身高明显 ,以致学龄儿童体型趋于瘦长。学龄 结论 学龄儿童体格生长水平提高和性成熟年龄提前 ,主要是外界环境因素作用的结果 ,其中以营养等生活条件的改善最为重要。

Objective To explore the trend of physical growth of school-age children in Wuhan from 1952 to 2000 and relative problems,to instruct development on preventive hygienic of school. Method Use data of physical growth of student from relative departments in Wuhan and Hubei province to analysis the level of physical growth,the mean menarche age and secular change of growth in different years;analysis the feature of physique by body mass index(BMI). Result The level of physical growth,including male and female students,is getting higher by years.Between 1952 to 2000,the mean height,weight and chest circumference increased each decade 2.81cm,2.39kg and 1.68cm respectively in schoolboys and those are 2.15cm,1.21kg and 1.34cm in schoolgirls;the mean menarche age had been significantly advanced,the mean to 6.8 months per decade.Because the increases of weight and chest circumference aren't as that of height,the trend of physique is becoming slender. Conclusion The level of physical growth is increasing,and the sex-maturity age advanced which owe ambient circumstance,and the most importance of them is enhanced nutrition.