高原藏族和汉族青少年手和腕部骨骼发育异同的探讨

COMPARATIVE INVESTIGATION OF THE SKELETAL DEVELOPMENT OF HAND—WRIST OF THE TIBETAN AND HAN NATIONALITY ADOLESCENTS AT QINGHAI PLATEAU

本文通过对世居青藏高原(海拔3000—4000米)藏族和汉族7—18岁健康学生1460人手腕部 X 光片的分析,研究两民族在高原环境下骨发育的规律和异同。本文资料表明:高原藏族青少年手和腕部骨的发育,在时间上一般提前于高原汉族1—2年。籽骨的出现或手末节指骨的干骺愈合,两族基本一致,可作为预测月经初潮的指标。本文讨论了其差异的原因。

The authors studied the skeletal dvelopment of hand wrist in 1460 he- althy children from 7 to 18 years in Tibetan and Han nationality.They were born and live in 3000—4000m Qinghai Plateau.The bone age is determined by the loft hand wrist x—ray film.The appearance of ossi- fication centers and fusion of epiphyses with their shafts are determin- ed by the rate of each age group which is larger than 50 percent.The results are:1.The appearance of the ossification centers of carpal in both Tibetan and Hen nationality are in the same order.The appe- arance age in Tibetan is about 1 year earlier than that in Hen natio- nality(P<0.05).There are 8 ossification centers in male Tibetan of 7 years old but only 7 in male Hen nationlities.2.The fusion of epi- physes with their shafts is in the following order:distal phalanxes, metacarpal bone 1,proximal phalanxes,middle phalanxes,metacarpal bones 2-5,ulna,radius.The union ages of Tibetan are 1 year earlier than that of Han nationality(P<0.05).3.The union of epiphysis to the shaft of ulna is at the ago of 18 in the female Tibetan,but in the male Tibetan as well as in male and female Han this phenomenon is later in age.4.The menarche in female of both nationalities came into view about 2.25—2.48 years after the appearance of sesamoid,abo- ut 0.05—0.16 years after the fusion of the distal phalanxes.The mena- rche can be predicted by them.