心理行为因素与心血管疾病的发生发展

The relationship between the development of mental and behavioral factors and cardiovascular disease

心理社会因素 ,如 A型行为通过激活神经、内分泌系统等机制与心血管疾病的发生、发展密切相关。 A型行为的心理特征可以表现为 :好胜心强、匆匆忙忙、固执等。大量研究阐明具有 A型行为的人群冠心病的患病率和严重的心血管事件发生几率明显高于非 A型行为的人群。通过焦虑自评表的测定也发现在具有 A型行为的原发性高血压患者中的焦虑情绪表现十分常见。在心血管疾病患者中焦虑和惊恐的躯体的主要表现有以下几点 :胸痛、高血压、气急、QT离散度增加与猝死。通过心理行为治疗如 :针对“匆忙症”和“好胜心强”的训练可以很好地矫正 A型行为中的 AIAI反应 (即 :烦恼、激动、发怒和不耐烦 ) 。

The occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases is greatly associated with psycho\|social factors such as type A behavior,that induced cardiovascular disease by mechanism of activation of nervous and endocrine system.Psycho\|character in persons with type A behavior include hastiness,desire to excel over others,stubbornness,etc.Lots of study reports clarified that compared to group with type non\|A behavior there were higher prevalence rate of coronary heart diseases and incidence rate of serious cardiovascular events in group with type A behavior.There were also most frequent of expression of anxiety in patients with essential hypertension by test of anxiety self\|evaluation table.The somatization of the anxiety and panicdisorder in patients with cardiovascular diseases mainly include chest pain,hypertension,dyspnea,QT dispersion increase and sudden death.The psycho\|behavior therapy,such as trainings aimed at the 'hasty' symptom and the 'desire to excel over others' symptom,can rectify AIAI(anxiety,irritation,anger and impatient) reaction;prevent the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases effectively.