东亚促进城市环境基础设施发展的战略趋势

Strategies for Promoting Urban Environmental Infrastructure in East Asia

如何通过发展政府部门和私人部门的合作伙伴关系(PPP)推进城市环境基础设施建设，已成为东亚各国今后环保投资中的重大战略课题之一。政府应对城市环境基础设施的建设运营与服务负有主要责任，但从政府财政困难和设施管理运营效率低等问题来看，同时也需鼓励并引导私人部门的投资(PFI)。地方政府一直是城市环境基础设施建设的核心。到目前为止，多种财政和经济手段已发挥了有效的作用。私人部门可以在生活污水处理、垃圾处理领域里发挥一定的作用。但私人部门参与的成功与否，与其所能获得的经济效益和面临的项目风险有直接关系，也与政府的政策扶植和制度支撑紧密相关。

How to develop Public-and-Private Partnership(PPP)for promotion of Urban Environmental Infrastructure(UEI) is a critical strategic issue in East Asia.Government should be mainly responsible for provisions of UEI facilities and services,but private finance initiatives(PFI) also need to be encouraged for reasons of governmental financial difficulties and managerial inefficiency in UEI development.Local government is always a key player in UEI development.To date a number of conventional and advanced instruments have been available for the increase of local financial capacities in local UEI development.Private sectors can play a good role in several areas of sewage treatment and garbage disposal.PFI in these areas highly depends on governmental policies and institutional supports in relation to economic incentives and risks PFI projects face.