改善碳/环氧复合材料层板阻尼性的方法——插层法和压电陶瓷粘结法

通过交替铺放粘弹性塑料膜和表面粘结压电陶瓷的方法研究碳纤维复合材料 (CFRP)悬臂梁的无源阻尼性。首先 ,通过在复合材料层片间引入障碍插层的方法进行复合材料振动阻尼性改进的尝试。还通过在复合材料表面粘结压电陶瓷片改善CFRP层板的振动阻尼性。电分流的压电陶瓷改变其电阻和机械阻抗 ,尤其可导致类似于粘弹性材料的机械阻尼性。第三种方法则是插层和粘结压电陶瓷并用。插层CFRP的损耗因子是传统CFRP的 5～ 10倍 ,层板为准各向同性结构形式 ,损耗因子取决于复合材料层片间插层的位置。另一方面 ,在正交层板中 ,表面粘结压电陶瓷片的CFRP层板的损耗因子约比普通层板高 5倍。另外 ,将插层和表面粘结压电陶瓷方法结合并用 ,会收到综合的CFRP振动阻尼效果。本文研究了无源振动阻尼的优化插层和粘结压电陶瓷的方法。

The passive damping of CFRP cantilever beams by methods using interleaving of visco-elastic plastic films and surface bonede piezoelectric ceramics is investigated.An attempt to improve the vibration damping of this material was first performed by introducing compliant interlayers between composite plies.The vibration damping of CFRP laminates is also improved passively by surface-bonded piezoelectric ceramic PZT sheets. Electrically shunting a piezoelectric ceramics modifies its electrical and mechanical impedance,and in particular leads to a mechanical damping analogous to viscoelastic materials.The third way is a combination of interleaving and bonded piezoelectric ceramics.The loss factors of interleaved CFRP are 5 through 50 times as large as those for conventional CFRP in case of quasi-isotropic laminate configuration,which depend upon the location of interalyers between composite plies.On the other hands,it was shown that CFRP laminates with surface bonded PZT sheets have about five times higher loss factors than plain CFRP laminates in case of cross-ply lamination.In addition,by combining the interleaving and surface bonded PZT ceramics,joint effect of both methods has been achieved for the vibration damping of CFRP laminates.An optimal arrangement of interleaves and bonded piezoelectric ceramics for passive vibration damping is discussed.The design of CFRP multilayered gradient beam with lightweight and high vibration damping is also discussed.