利用核技术研究呋喃丹在水稻/鱼生态系中的结合残留(英文)

RESEARCH ON BOUND RESIDUES OF CARBOFURAN IN PADDY RICE/FISH ECOSYSTEM UTILIZING NUCLEAR TECHNIQUES

^(14)C-呋喃丹在水中的残留量很低。在土壤、鱼和植株各部位的^(14)C-残留物绝大部分是结合态。收获时,在上述各部位中,结合残留分别占86.55％,77.91％和70.45％。这些结合残留物在酸解时会释出显著量的^(14)C,其中仅小部分为有机溶性。就土壤言,母体又是主要的,其次是3-O-呋喃丹酚,3-O-呋喃丹和3-OH-呋喃丹等。在高温时,残留在土壤中的^(14)C又会进一步释放出来。在330℃时释出的^(14)C远低于750℃,且主要是有机溶性的,在750℃释出的主要是^(14)CO_2。

The residue of 14C-carbofuran in water was very low though the application rate was five times of that in the common case.Only a small part of the 14C-residues in water were organic soluble products, in which most of them were car-bofuran. The majority of 14C-residues recovered in soil, fish and plant (cargo rice, husk, straw and roots) were unextractable (bound) and the percentages of bound residues were 86.55%, 79.91% and 70.45% (73.26%, 67.90%, 64.22% and 76.41%) at harvest respectively. The bound residues could be hydrolysed with HCl, and released significant amounts of the bound 14C. The percentages of 14C released from fish, cargo rice, straw, roots, husk and [soil at harvest were 91.60%, 82.13%, 30.47%, 24.69%, 18:67% and 17.30% respectively. Tne organic soluble portion of the 14C released in all items analysed were small, and in which, the parent compound carbofuran was found as the greatest in quantity and decreased with time, next came to 3-hydroxy-carbofuran, 3-keto-carbofuran and others (unknown) for soil. 14C in hydrolysed soil could be further released under high temperature distillation (330℃, 500℃ and 750℃). Percentages of 14C released were 21.44% to 28.49% 30 to 76 days after the treatment, among which, the majority was organic soluble 14C at 330℃, while 14CO2 was predominant at 500℃ and 750℃-