高龄股骨颈骨折髋关节置换术的比较

TREATMENT OF FRACTURE OF FEMORAL NECK IN THE AGED WITH ARTIFICIAL HIP JOINT REPLACEMENT

目的 比较全髋关节置换术与半髋关节置换术治疗高龄股骨颈骨折的疗效和手术方式的选择。方法 1990年 8月～ 1999年 8月对 110例 70～ 10 6岁股骨颈骨折患者采用人工髋关节置换术治疗 ,有 96例 (半髋关节置换组 44例 ,全髋关节置换组 5 2例 )获得随访 ,随访时间 15～ 112个月 ,平均 5 1个月。结果 半髋关节置换组优良者 38例 ,占 86 .4% ;全髋关节置换组优良者 48例 ,占 92 .3%。全髋关节置换组手术时间较半髋关节置换组平均长 2 0分钟 ,出血量多 12 0 ml,引流量多 140 ml。扶双拐下地时间、住院时间和住院费用无明显差别。结论 对高龄股骨颈骨折患者 ,年龄相对较轻 ,身体状况较好者选择全髋关节置换术 ;年龄相对较大 ,身体状况较差者选择半髋关节置换术 。

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of total hip joint replacement and hemiarthroplasty in treatment of fracture of femoral neck in old patients. Methods One hundred and ten cases with femoral neck fracture in the aged, 70 to 106 years old, from Aug 1990 to Aug 1999 were reviewed, 96 cases were followed up, among which 52 cases received total hip joints replacement and the other 44 cases received hemiarthroplasty. All of the 96 cases were followed up for 15 to 112 months, averaged 51 months, and were evaluated in operation procedures, post operative recovery and joint function according to Harris Scoring. Results The operation time of total hip joints replacement was 20 minutes longer, bleeding volume was 120ml larger, and post operative drainage was 140ml more, in average, than those in hemiarthroplasty. There was no obvious difference between the two types of operation in bed resting time, length of stay and hospitalizing costs. According to Harris Scoring, there were 38 cases of excellent in hemiarthroplasty (86.4%) and 48 cases of excellent in total hip joints replacement (92.3%). Conclusion Both of the artificial joint replacements are reasonable choices for treatment of fracture of femoral neck in old patients, but total hip joints replacement is recommendable for those comparatively younger patients with good systematic status, and hemiarthroplasty is a good option for those elderly with some syste matic diseases.