用RAPD标记分析6个品种猪的群体遗传结构

Analysing Genetic Construction of Six Pig Breeds Using RAPD Marker

用 140个 10碱基随机引物对引入品种杜洛克猪、长白猪、大白猪、斯格猪及广东地方猪种蓝塘猪、大花白猪的基因组池DNA进行了RAPD分析 ,并从扩增产物表现为多态的引物中筛选出 9个特异性强的引物进行个体DNA的RAPD分析。结果表明 :(1)斯格猪与长白猪、蓝塘猪与大花白猪的相似系数较高 ,聚类关系较近 ;而 2个地方猪种与 4个引入猪种之间则相应地较低、较远。在 4个引入猪种中 ,除杜洛克猪外 ,另 3个表现出与华南地方猪种相对较近的亲缘关系。 (2 )引物L 15、J 13可作为地方猪种与引入猪种区别的标记 ,I 0 9可作为猪性别区别的标记。 (3) 4个引入品种的群体内遗传变异程度普遍低于广东两地方猪种 ,尤以杜洛克猪群体内遗传变异最小 ;两地方猪种中 ,蓝塘猪的群体内遗传变异要小于大花白猪。

A total of 140 short primers,of arbitrary nucleotide sequence,were used singly in polymerase chain reactions to amplify DNA fingerprints in pools of DNA representing six pig breeds,including Duroc,Seghers,Landrace,Large White,Lantang and Dahuabai.9 primers,which discriminated between the breed specific DNA pools were used futher to amplify individual pool components.The results were as follows:(1)Similarity coefficients and results of cluster analysis indicated a close relationship between Lantang and Dahuabai,Seghers and Landrace respectively.Four imported pig breeds expressed a closer relationship to native breeds except Duroc.(2)Two of the primers (L 15,J 13) were breed specific between imported and native breeds,and would be useful as genetic markers for pig breed identification.One of the primers (I 09) were sex specific between male and female,and would be useful as genetic markers for sex differentiation.(3)The genetic variability within six pig breeds indicated that the imported breeds were lower than the native breeds,and the Durocs is smallest and the Dahuabais largest.