乳蛋白基因在转基因动物乳腺细胞中特异性表达的研究进展

Specific Expression of Milk Protein Gene in Transgenic Animal Mammary Gland Cells

乳蛋白是乳的主要营养成分 ,乳蛋白的种类及其在乳中的浓度都影响乳的品质 ,而乳中各乳蛋白的含量都受到相应乳蛋白基因的控制。通过转基因技术 ,可以在转基因动物乳腺细胞中特异性地表达目的蛋白 ,从而改善乳的品质以及生产具有特殊药用价值的乳产品。本文主要概述乳蛋白多态性及其作用 ,乳蛋白基因及多态性 ,并着重介绍乳蛋白基因在转基因动物体内的表达调控 ;通过介绍大量转基因试验的研究成果 ,以探寻改变乳成分的分子遗传基础。

Milk proteins are the major nutrients composition in milk. The variety and concentration of milk protein both affect milk quality,milk protein concentration is controlled by corresponding gene. The technology of gene transfer make it possible to express targeted protein in transgenic animal mammary gland to improve milk quality or produce some pharmaceutical proteins. This article reviewed the polymorphism of milk protein and its effects, milk protein genes and their polymorphism, especially the expression regulation of milk protein genes in transgenic animal to find the molecular genetic basis of composition modification of milk protein.