渤海氮磷营养盐的循环和收支

Annual Cycle and Budgets of Nutrients in the Bohai Sea

近年来无机氮与活性磷酸盐已成为渤海主要的污染物质 .为了解氮、磷营养盐的循环规律 ,建立了一个生物、物理耦合的三维生态模型 ,模拟了渤海氮磷营养盐循环 ,估算了它们的收支情况 .渤海营养盐浓度从春季到夏季下降 ,秋季到冬季上升 ,4～ 9月为消耗期 ,1 0～ 3月为补充期 .磷酸盐冬季最高值位于渤海湾 ,辽东湾西北部全年都维持了比较高的浓度 ;无机氮的高值区始终位于莱州湾黄河口附近 .光合作用和呼吸作用是营养盐最大的源和汇 ,碎屑的矿化可以补充光合作用消耗的营养盐的 30 % .河流输入每年可以补充P 0 5 5× 1 0 3t和N 5 2 7×1 0

High concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and phosphate contributed much to the environmental problems in the Bohai Sea in the last decade. It is important to understand the cycle and the budget of nutrients for the environmental management. A three\|dimensional ecosystem model, coupled with a physical transport model, was adopted in this study. The simulation of the year 1982 was validated by data in 1982/1983. There were depletion from spring to summer and elevation from autumn to winter for nutrients. The higher concentration of phosphate was found at the Bohai Bay and the concentration of phosphate maintained higher level in the whole year. The higher concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen located near the Huanghe Estuary. Production and respiration were the most important sink and source of nutrients. The remineralization of the detritus pool can compensate 30 percent of the consumption of nutrient by the production process. The inputs of phosphates and nitrogen from river were P 0\^55×10\+3t and N 52\^7×10\+3t.