燃煤污染型氟中毒流行特点及氟安全阈值研究

Study on the environmental epidemic characteristics and the safety threshold of fluoride of coal-burning fluorosis

目的 查明我国燃煤污染型氟中毒的环境流行特征 ,确定煤炭氟的安全阈值 ,为氟的环境风险评价提供科学依据。方法 现场调查和资料分析相结合。结果 燃煤污染型氟中毒的流行与地球化学环境密切相关 ,但高氟煤炭的存在是其流行的决定因素。病区居民氟斑牙患病率与煤炭氟含量之间存在线性函数关系 (r =0 .943 2 ,P <0 .0 1) ,去掉 5 %的氟斑牙诊断误差和模糊判定因素等 ,煤炭氟的安全阈值为 2 5 0 mg/kg。结论 煤炭氟含量应作为煤炭资源开采与否的一个指标。对于燃煤污染型氟中毒病人应早发现、早诊断、早治疗 。

Objective To find out the environmental epidemic characteristics of coal burning fluorosis in China, to determine the safety threshold of coal fluoride content, and to provide scientific basis for environmental risk assessment of fluoride.Methods Local investigation integrated with data analysis. Results Coal burning fluorosis was closely related to geochemica parameters of local environment, but the determinant factor of this endemic disease was the existence of high fluoride coal. There existed a highly linear correlation between the incidence of dental fluorosis and the content of coal fluoride in disease affected areas. And the safety threshold of coal fluoride content was determined as 250 mg/kg.Conclusions The coal fluoride content should be an major indicator to evaluate the quality of coal resource, for the patient caused by coal burning fluorosis should be detected early, diagnosed early and operated early,the prevention and treatment methods should integrate disease curing with poverty curing.