光合特性作为番茄设施专用品种选育指标的效应

STUDY ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERS AS SCREENING INDEXES IN TOMATO BREEDING FOR PROTECTED CULTIVATION

利用 6个不同特性的番茄品种 ,分别在两层覆盖连栋大棚、单层覆盖连栋大棚及现代化加温玻璃温室等 3种不同设施条件下 ,对不同番茄品种在低温弱光下叶片中的叶绿素含量、叶绿素荧光指数及净光合作用率的变化进行了研究。结果表明 ,可以用叶片中叶绿素含量在低温弱光下的变化趋势作为设施专用番茄品种选育的筛选指标之一 ,耐低温弱光的品种在低温弱光下叶片中叶绿素的含量呈上升趋势 ;净光合作用曲线可以作为选育设施番茄品种的一个比较理想的群体指标 ;

Following the former research, the values of tolerances to low temperature and weak light as screening indexes in tomato breeding were studied. 6 different tomato varieties are used as experiment materials and cultivated in 3 kinds of greenhouses such as glass green house with heating, multi arch plastic greenhouse and single arch plastic greenhouse without heating. The results show that the chlorophyll content of tomato leaves changes after low temperature and weak light treatments. But there are differences among different varieties. For the varieties tolerant to weak light and low temperature, the leaf chlorophyll content has increasing tendency under weak light and at low temperature, so it can be used as a screening index at seedling stage in tomato breeding for better adaption to protected cultivation, but the treatments should be carried out when the seedlings have 3～4 leaves. Net photosynthesis rate can be used as a population screening index for the tolerance to low temperature and weak light. The changes in light saturation and compensation point at low temperature and under weak light differ greatly among 6 varieties. Good varieties should have relatively high photosynthesis rate both under normal light and weak light. Chlorophyll fluoro index is very steady for different varieties , so it is not suitable to be used as a screening index.