新株型水稻物质生产与产量形成的生理生态 Ⅱ.分蘖特性与形态解剖

Physioecological studies on dry matter production and yield formation in new plant type rice Ⅱ.Traits of tillering and morphological anatomization

以新株型 (NPT)水稻为供试材料 ,特青和汕优 63为对照 ,从分蘖动态与形态解剖特征对 NPT水稻分蘖特性进行研究 .结果表明 ,NPT水稻具有分蘖力弱、分蘖期和有效分蘖期相对较长、低节位分蘖极少、平均有效穗少、成穗率高等特点 .分蘖原基解剖观察表明 ,NPT水稻各分蘖节均有腋芽原基发生 ,但高节位与低节位的芽原基发育存在差别 .低节位的芽原基绝大多数成为败育腋芽 ,有些低节位分蘖腋芽发育正常 ,但因其根原基发育不良或幼叶生长锥萎缩变形造成腋芽难以成蘖 .高节位的腋芽则发育良好 ,都能成蘖 .在试验中还观察到 NPT水稻顶芽发育良好 。

The experiment was conducted to demonstrate the traits of tillering and morphological anatomization as well as their relationship with the productive panicle of new plant type (NPT) rice. The result indicated that NPT rice under research had the advantages of long productive tillering period, high productive tiller rate and few tillers, but it also had the disadvantages of lower node tillering, attributed to the hindrance of development of axillary primordium which refers to its non root primordium or abnormal juvenal leaf, in turn, this resulted in decreased productive tillers per plant. Special mention was made to the apical dominance of terminal buds of NPT rice.