螺旋型牙种植体下颌磨牙区种植的尝试

The mandibular molar-area implantation of screw-typed dental implants

目的 针对下牙槽神经的特殊解剖特点探讨下颌磨牙区种植义齿方法。方法 根据缺牙后下颌磨牙区颌骨的不同吸收程度 ,分别采取直接种植、跨越下颌管种植和解剖游离下牙槽神经血管束种植的 3种方法 ,1992～ 1998年共完成 2 2例、4 5颗种植体 ,平均随访时间为 3 7年。结果 除 2颗种植体分别于术后 3个月和修复后 1 5年脱落失败外 ,其余 4 3颗种植体均呈骨结合 ,且骨吸收不明显、义齿功能良好 ,种植体 5年累积成功率为 96%。结论 3种种植方法基本解决了临床中下颌磨牙区种植的大部分问题 ,但应特别注意选择适应证。

Objective To study molar area implantation with screw-typed implant based on the specific anatomic properties of inferior alveolar nerve. Methods D epending on the degree of alveolar atrophy in mandibular molar area, the direct implantation, the buccal-to mandibular-canal implantation, and the repositioni ng inferior-alveolar-nerve implantation were employed. During the period of 1 992 to 1998, a total of 22 cases of this kind with 45 dental implants were resto red. The follow-up period was 5 years. Results 2 dental implants were lost respecti vely after 3 months of insertion and after 1 year of restoration. All the 43 ot hers, however, still remained complete osseointegration, with no obvious crestal bone rebsorption and with excellent function. The 5-year accumulating surviva l rate of dental implants was 96%. Conclusions These three su rgical techniques, to a large extent, can solve the problems of mandibular molar area implantation . The key to success of each technique is the selection of patient and the select ion of surgical project.