全国2000年麻疹流行病学分析

Analysis of Measles Epidemiology in China in 2000

为了加速控制麻疹 ,我国于 1999年建立了麻疹监测系统。 2 0 0 0年常规传染病报告系统报告麻疹 6 6 841例 ,报告发病率为 6 / 10万 ,呈上升趋势。而麻疹监测系统报告麻疹 5 2 497例 ,比常规传染病报告系统少 2 1%,说明麻疹监测系统报告质量须进一步提高。根据麻疹监测系统分析结果 ,2 0 0 0年全国麻疹的流行病学特征是春季高发 ,以小年龄组和学龄儿童为主 ;爆发病例占全部报告病例的 15 1%;2 0 %的报告病例无免疫史 ,41%免疫史不详。报告病例的年龄和免疫史状况说明我国麻疹疫苗 (MV)常规免疫质量和学龄儿童MV复种工作均存在问题 ,同时也提示需要对我国目前MV的免疫策略进行研究。

Measles is one of the serious communicable diseases causing illness and death during childhood.To accelerate measles control,the 'National Guideline for Measles Surveillance'was implemented in 1999.We analyzed the pattern of measles epidemic in China.The results showed that measles incidence has been increasing currently.In 2000,the number of measles cases reported from the surveillance system was 21% lower than that reported from notifiable system.Measles is still a seasonal epidemic disease that most cases happen in spring.High proportion of measles cases were among young children and school age children. Outbreak cases accounted for 15.1% of the total number of measles cases in 2000.Approximately, 20% of the cases were not immunized and 41% without vaccination records.The age distribution and vaccination status of the measles cases reminds that there are many efforts should be taken to improve the routine immunization service and the second dose service.