两种百白破联合疫苗免疫后百日咳的血清学效果

Immunogenicity of Two Pertussis Vaccine Diphtheria and Tetanus Toxoid

为了解无细胞百白破联合疫苗 (DPTa)和全细胞百白破联合疫苗 (DPTw)的血清学免疫效果 ,在上海市卢湾区随机选取 3月龄健康婴儿 ,分两组分别用DPTa和DPTw做基础免疫 ;又选取 18月龄健康儿童也分两组 ,分别用两种联合疫苗做加强免疫 ,免疫前和免疫后 1、6个月采血 ,用微量凝集试验检测百日咳凝集抗体 ,用酶联免疫吸附试验检测抗百日咳毒素抗体 (抗 -PT)和抗丝状血凝素抗体 (抗 -FHA)的水平。结果表明 :经DPTw基础免疫和加强免疫后 ,凝集抗体阳性、保护率和几何平均滴度 (GMT)均明显高于DPTa ;免疫后 6个月 ,凝集抗体GMT仍维持在保护水平以上 ,证明DPTw是有效的。采用DPTa做基础免疫和为以DPTw做基础免疫者的加强免疫 ,免疫后抗 -PT和抗 -FHA抗体均明显高于DPTw ;免疫后 6个月抗 -PT、抗 -FHA抗体还显著高于保护水平 ,说明DPTa既可用于基础免疫 ,也可用于对以DPTw做基础免疫的婴儿的加强免疫。

Agglutination test and ELISA were used to measure anti-pertussis agglutinin antibody, anti-PT antibody and anti-FHA antibody respectively.Study demonstrated that agglutinin antibody positive rate,protective rate and geometric mean titer(GMT)in group of children inoculated with DPTw followed by a DPTw booster were all higher than those in group of children given with DPTa.Six months after injection of DPTw,GMT and agglutinin antibody were still above protective level.Study also showed that higher level of anti-PT antibody and anti-FHA antibody were detected in sera from children boosted with DPTa than that boosted with DPTw,and titers of anti-PT antibody and anti-FHA antibody in those boosted with DPTa were considerably higher than protective level six months post-inoculation.