老年人下呼吸道细菌感染对抗生素敏感性的监控

Monitoring the bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics in elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infections

目的 :探讨老年人下呼吸道感染致病菌株对抗生素的敏感性及产 β 内酰胺酶的情况。 方法 :采用微量肉汤稀释法及纸片法测定了 5 4株致病菌对 2 0种抗生素的敏感性 ,并进行了 β 内酰胺酶的研究。 结果 :G+ 菌 14株 (2 6 % ) ,以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌为主 ,以万古霉素、利福平为最敏感。G-菌 40株 (74% ) ,克雷白菌属多见 ,亚胺硫霉素、阿米卡星、头孢他啶的抗菌活性最强 ,覆盖率广。结论 :产酶 2 0株 (39% ) ,主要分布在葡萄球菌、阴沟杆菌、枸橼酸杆菌。应开展细菌药物敏感性监测 ,以强调临床合理使用抗生素。

Objective:To study the bacterial sensitivity to anti b iotics and the production of β lactamase in elderly patients with lower respir atory tract infections.Methods:The sensitivity of 54 strains of bacteria isolated from clin ic to 20 antibiotics was determined by method of micro broth dilution and disc agar diffusion.The production of β lactamase was also studied by double disc method.Results:14 strains of Gram positive coccus(26%),mainly coagulase n egative staphlococci ,are mostly sensitive to vancomycin and rifampin,and 40 stai ns of Gram negative bacilli(74%),mainly Kiebsiella ,are mostly sensitive to imipenem,amikacin,and ceftazidime.Conclusion:39% strains of the bacteria studied produce lactamase.Fro m the study it is indicated that there is an urgent need to monitor bacterial re sistance to antibiotics and to emphasize the rational use of antibiotics in clin ic.