区域土地利用类型的胁迫转换与优化配置——以三峡库区为例

A study on regional forced land use convertion and optimal allocation——Taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as an example

三峡大坝蓄水淹没土地、库区移民安置和新城及工矿迁建等带来了库区土地利用结构与布局的巨大变化。为此 ,如何构建符合景观生态学原理和可持续发展准则的宏观土地利用类型新格局 ,不仅是近10年内百万移民安置和生产布局的重点 ,而且关系到库区未来经济、社会与资源、环境的协调和可持续发展。论文分析了在土地淹没与置换的胁迫条件下 ,库区土地资源类型转换的方式与过程 ;从要素控制、地段设计到系统模式优化的不同层次 ,提出了库区土地生态设计模式与措施 ;并从产业协调发展的角度 ,提出了库区土地利用优化配置的方案。

The structure and layout of land use have been greatly changed because of the low lying land submergence,resettlement,movement of new towns and industrial and mining enterprises resulting from the construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area(TGRA).Therefore,how to construct the new macro patterns of land use types according to the principle of landscape ecology and sustainable developmental norm are not only the keystone of resettling a million of migrants and allocation of production in TGRA in the next ten years,but also are related to harmonious and sustainable development of economy,society,resources and environment in the future.In this paper,the ways and process of conversion of land use types under the forced conditions including land submergence and use allocation are analyzed.Then,with a view to different hierarchies from factor controlling,zone design to optimal system models,the models and measures of land eco design are put forward.Based upon which,considering the harmonious development of industries,the optimal allocation schemes of land use are formulated.