我国西部水资源供需关系地区性差异变化研究

Regional difference research of supply and demand of water resources in West China

利用地理信息系统技术 ,对我国西部12个省 (市、区)按流域进行了划分 ,结合1980年和1990年水文资料 ,比较了我国西部各流域两个时段可供水量、需水量、缺水量和缺水率变化 ,系统分析了西部水资源供需关系变化的地区性差异及其原因 ,并预测了未来我国西部缺水情况 ,这些研究为我国西部大开发战略的实施提供了基础性依据。

In the process of implementing the strategy developing West China,water resource is very important to achieve a coordinated development between the population,resources,and environment.Based on Geographical Information System,12 provinces and autonomous regions in western China are divided into seven drainage areas and 177 small catchment units in this paper.According to hydrological data in 1980 and 1990,water supply,demand,shortage and shortage ratio in each drainage area are calculated.It can be demonstrated that total water resource capacity is very big,but spatial and temporal distribution of water resource is quite uneven.By comparing water shortage ratios in 1980 and 1990,it can be seen that the Songhuajiang and Liaohe Rivers,the Yellow River,the Yangtze River and the inland rivers regions become better slightly,the Haihe River becomes worse,and the Pearl River and the rivers in Southwest China equal in 1980 and 1990.Severe shortage regions of water resources can be predicted in the future,they are the west Liaohe drainage basin,Sichuan basin,the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains,Hexi Corridor and Weihe valley.