试论美国内战期间林肯政府的外交政策

On Lincoln Administration's Diplomatic Policy in the American Civil War

美国内战是美国历史上北方资本主义制度战胜南方奴隶制度的一场正义的、进步的战争。内战本属美国内部问题，但由于战争结局会影响到欧洲列强的既得利益，因而北方的林肯政府在内战中不得不面对当时极 其复杂的国际关系。我们认为，北方之最终获胜固然在于其正义性，但林肯政府灵活、有效的外交策略，同样功不可没。本文将重点探讨美国内战的国际关系及林肯政府的外支政策。

The American Civil War is a just, progressive war in American history, in which the North capitalism tri- umphed over the South Slavery. The Civil War in its nature belonged to the internal the of the U.S.A, but Lin- coln administration in the North during the Civil War had to confront extremely complex international relations of that time because the outcome of the War would affect the European powers' vested interest. The author holds that the final victory of the North undoubtedly was owing to its justice, but Lincoln administration's flexible, effective diplomatic tactics was also a contributing factor. This essay mainly discusses the international relations and Lincoln administra- tion's diplomatic policy in the American Civil War.