北京市老年处方用药现状调查

Study on drug use in elderly outpatients in Beijing

目的 了解北京市老年患者的用药现状 ,为今后临床安全、有效、经济地应用药物预防和控制疾病及提高老年人生活质量提供科学依据。方法 采用北京市 2 2家医院《处方分析》课题组1998～ 1999年门诊处方数据库 ,对老年患者与总体患者的用药现状进行比较研究。用FOXPRO软件对其进行统计分析。结果 北京市老年患者就诊处方占同期调查及不同年龄人群总处方数的比例为 19.9% ;每张处方平均品种数 2 .71种 ;老年患者每百例次使用针剂比例为 18.4% ;老年用药以心血管类、维生素类用药等为主。日用药剂量相对比WHO及药品说明书的规定值低 ,但高于同期总体患者的日用药量 ,且有上升趋势 ;降压药日用药量偏大。结论 北京市老年患者就诊率、用药平均品种数、使用针剂比例、日用药量较高。

Objective To understand the situation of drug use, drug request, combination of drugs and daily drug dose (DDD) among elderly patients, to provide scientific evidences for safely, effectively, economically and rationally on disease prevention and improving the quality of life of the elderly patients. Methods A 2 year(1998 1999) prescriptions database which was set up according to different departments of consultation, patient age, sex, consultation date, and name of drugs, dosage was used for the study. Prescriptions were randomly selected on 3 4 days in every month, from 22 hospitals in Beijing. FOXPRO software was used for statistics and analyses. Information of elderly patients (≥60 year) on status of drug use, was collected and compared with general patients. Results The proportion of elderly patients' prescription was 19.9 %, with an average number of drugs prescribed in elderly patients 2.71 , which was 0.27 higher than that of the general patients. Proportion of injections per every hundred elderly patients prescriptions was 18.4 %. The major kinds of drugs were those related to cardiovasculars and vitamins. The most frequent drug was vitamine E nicotinate. DDD on elderly patients was lower than that defined by WHO and drug instruction, but higher than that of the general patients during the same period and was increasing. Daily dose of anti hypertensions was also higher. The rate of consultation for cardiovascular diseases was high. The ratio of drugs in accordance with national essential drug list was 87.5 %. Conclusions The rates of elderly patients' prescription, average number of drugs per prescription,proportion of injections and DDD were high. The rational drug use on elderly patients should be given more concerns.