广东省揭阳市居民食管癌发病危险因素的病例对照研究

A case-control study on the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Jieyang city of Guangdong in China

目的 筛选广东省揭阳市食管癌的危险因素。方法 1999年在揭阳市人民医院接受治疗的 2 14例食管癌和贲门癌病人纳入病例组 ,均经过病理学诊断 ;2 14名健康人作为对照组 ,按病例组的性别、年龄和居住地 (镇 )的构成情况从人群中随机抽取。研究对象均在揭阳市居住 2 0年以上 ,用统一的调查表进行问卷调查。用非条件logistic回归进行多因素分析。 结果 主要的危险因素是饮烫茶 (OR :1.39～ 3.74)、吃饭快 (OR :1.5 4～ 4.10 )、吃硬饭 (OR :1.32～ 4.2 7)、猪油 (OR :3.5 7～42 .0 3)和肉类 (OR :1.36～ 5 .0 5 ) ;保护性因素是饮用自来水 2 0年以上 (OR :0 .13～ 0 .5 1)。未发现吸烟史、食管癌家族史与食管癌有关联。结论 本研究筛选出的因素普遍暴露于揭阳市居民中。多数因素与其他地区的同类研究一致 ,但猪油和肉类是本研究中提出的影响因素 。

Objective To study the risk factors of esophageal cancer in Jieyang city of Guangdong province. Methods Two hundred and fourteen cases with pathological diagnosis of esophageal cancer were recruited at Jieyang Municipal People's Hospital in 1999. Two hundred and fourteen controls were selected from healthy residents matched with sex,age and residential places (town) of the cases. All cases and controls had resided in Jieyang city for over 20 years and were studied through a uniformed questionnaire. Non conditional logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results The important risk factors were over hot tea drinking habit ( OR: 1.39 3.74 ), fast eating ( OR : 1.54 4.10 ), animal oil ( OR : 3.57 42.03 ) and meat consumption ( OR : 1.36 5.05 ) while the protective factors were tap water ( OR : 0.13 0.51 ) drinking habil for over 20 years. Histories of smoking and family esophageal cancer were not significantly correlated with esophageal cancer. Conclusion The risk factors revealed in this study were commonly exposed to the residents of Jieyang city. Most of the factors were in agreement to the results from other similar studies, but the factors of animal oil and meat were unique in this study, which called for further studies.