《侍坐章》二题

Two Topics on Chapter of Standing at the Confucius Side in Attendance

《论语·侍坐章》是一篇从古以来被人重视的语录体散文 ,至今仍被选录为大中学语文教材。文中孔子为什么要哂由、与点 ?关于哂由 ,朱熹在《论语集注》中曾说过“夫子盖许其能 ,特哂其不逊”。朱熹的话对后世影响颇大 ,但他的话究竟有无根据 ?关于与点 ,古往今来 ,尤其言人人殊 ,其中不乏穿凿附会和刻意拔高之说。此外 ,对文中“哂”“浴”“风”等字的词义注释 ,也一直众说纷纭 ,难明真谛。弄清这些问题 ,对语文教学 ,对孔子研究 ,都很有必要。

The Analects of Confucius·Chapter of Standing at the Confucian's Side in Attdndance is a quotation-style of prose attracting people's attention since the ancient time.Up to now,it has been selected into Chinese textbooks of middle schools and colleges.Why in the book did the Confucius smile at his disciple Zi Lu and praise Zeng Xi? Zhu Xi,a well-known modern Chinese scholar noted that in his book Annotations to the Analects of Confucius that the reason why the Confucius smiled at Zi Lu was that the Confucius praised Zi Lu's abilities but smiled at his immodesty.Zhu Xi's words much influenced his late generations.Did this stand true?About 'praising Zeng Xi',different people have different opinions,among which there were strained interpretations and overpraised words.Furthermore, scholars deviate their interprations on the study of the Confucius to clarify these questions.