垂直插入式小麦覆膜穴播机的研究

Study on Wheat Hill-drop Planter Used for Perpendicularly Inserting Film Mulching Field

针对滚轮式小麦覆膜穴播机存在的问题 ,设计了垂直插入式小麦覆膜穴播机。运用平行四杆机构原理 ,实现了成穴器——鸭嘴的直立接种、垂直入土和出土 ;采用地轮传动实现了鸭嘴插入土壤后的接近水平零位移运动 ;鸭嘴采用了定点强制开启投种。理论分析和试验表明 ,该机成穴播种机构设计合理 ,穴粒数合格率较高 ,无空穴 ,成穴器不堵土 ,不挑膜 ,穴孔合理 。

A wheat hill drop planter used for perpendicularly inserting film mulching field was developed and its major shortcomings existed in the roller type planter were overcome. By applying parallelogram linkage principle, we developed a new planter that accepted seeds erectly, inserted and pulled out of soil vertically. It also realized near zero horizontal shift of duckbills while it inserted into soil by use of ground wheels and the duckbills were forced opening to seed in the fixed point. The theoretical analysis and experiments show that the planter has advantages in terms of the design; the distance between the hill drop drills is regular; seeding is reliable; the film will not be damaged during seeding; and the seeds can be easily covered with soil.