工程行为对古尔班通古特沙漠植被的破损及恢复

Destruction and Regeneration of the Desert Vegetation in the Engineering Activities in the Gurbantunggut Desert

随着准噶尔盆地石油开发力度不断加大和工程建设相继上马 ,古尔班通古特沙漠环境脆弱的生态平衡受人为活动影响日益严重。突出表现在工程行为造成沙漠植被的破损 ,如碾压、铲除、压埋、油污 ,以及对植物生长环境地表的扰动等。通过观察试验发现 ,当工程行为方式及强度对生态环境的干扰未使生态稳定性瓦解时 ,则沙漠植被具有自然恢复能力 ,但恢复过程需要较长的时间才能完成。若要加速和强化恢复过程 ,就要在工程中采取及时固沙。

The impacts of the artificial activities on the vulnerable ecological balance in the Gurbantunggut Desert are becoming increasingly serious with the uninterrupted explotitation of the oil and gas resources and the construction of the projects one after another in the Jungger Basin. The evident phenomenon is the destruction of the desert vegetation caused by the engineering activities, such as pressing, rooting out, covering and oil pollution plants, as well as disturbing the growing medium for the plants. It is found that, by observation and experiment, when the stability of the ecology is not disintegrated by the ways and intensity of the engineering activities, the desert vegetation has a capability of natural regeneration, the natural regeneration, however, needs a long time. In order to speed up and strengthen the regeneration of the destroyed desert vegetation, some effective artificial assistant measures, such as sand fixation and planting plants, should be taken.