简论朱熹对古代中医学发展的影响

Zhu Xi's influence on development of ancient traditional Chinese medicine

朱熹为中国古代著名的哲学家 ,同时又是一位百科全书式的人物。他除了心性义理之学外 ,对于自然科学尤其对中医与养生学有较深的造诣 ,其对古代医典、经方、脉诊及用药之道均有独到的见解。朱熹对古代医学发展具有重要的影响 ,这主要表现在方法论方面 ,有以下三点 :①从疑经到创新 ,提出疑以求信的主张 ;②博文与约礼 ,强调博约互参、由博反约之法 ;③性与天道 ,显示出较高的理性思辩水平。这三点对后世医学发展起到一定的促进作用。

As an ancient famous philosopher and a figure of encyclopedic pattern, Zhi Xi was conversant with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the art of healthcare in addition to the knowledge of philosophical knowledge and its implication, with special understanding on medical classics and its recipes, pulse taking and drug application. He exerted significant influence on the development of ancient medicine, especially in methodology which can be summarized into 3 points. 1. Advocating seeking truth by suspicious attitude; 2. Emphasizing the combined use of simplicity and erudition and from erudition to simplicity; 3. Nature and natural law, manifesting rather high rational dialectical level. These ideas improved the medical development of later generation.